Preheat the oven to 350°F and prepare an 8×8-inch baking pan by greasing it and lining it with parchment paper, ensuring the paper overhangs on the sides for easy removal.
Begin with the cookie dough base by creaming together the room-temperature butter, granulated sugar, and brown sugar using a hand or stand mixer fitted with a paddle attachment until the mixture is fluffy and light.
Incorporate the egg and vanilla extract, followed by the salt and baking powder, mixing until combined.
Add the flour and gently fold it in with a rubber spatula. Before the flour is completely incorporated, stir in the mini chocolate chips and continue folding until no dry patches remain. The dough will be thick but cohesive.
Press half of this dough evenly into the bottom of the prepared pan to form a thin base layer. If necessary, use small amounts from the remaining dough to patch any sparse areas. Set aside both the pan and the leftover dough.
To make the cookie butter layer, whisk the melted butter with the cookie butter until smooth in a medium bowl. Add the vanilla extract and salt and whisk again.
Stir in the powdered sugar using a rubber spatula. The mixture will be quite stiff, so blend in the cornstarch and milk until it reaches a pliable, dough-like consistency.
Spread this cookie butter mixture evenly over the cookie dough layer in the pan.
Crumble the reserved cookie dough over the top, doing your best to cover the filling. Finish by scattering a few extra chocolate chips on top.
Bake for 28–32 minutes, until the edges are golden brown. Immediately after removing from the oven, press the edges down gently using the tip of a butter knife to prevent uneven settling during cooling.
Sprinkle the top with flaky sea salt and allow the bars to cool in the pan for at least 30 minutes.
Run a knife along the edges to loosen any stuck areas, lift the bars out using the parchment overhang, slice, and serve.